Aim

The experiment aims to prepare a mixture and compound using iron filings and sulphur powder and distinguish them based on their appearance, i.e., uniformity and non-uniformity, behaviour towards a magnet, behaviour towards carbon disulphide as a solvent and effect of heat.

Theory

The concept of Physical Change Theory revolves around changes that can be observed without altering the composition of substances. This means that there are no alterations in the chemical nature of the substance. Examples of changes that can be observed include modifications in color, boiling point, melting point, hardness, density, fluidity, rigidity, among others. Additionally, interconversion of states of matter is classified as a physical change. On the other hand, Chemical change pertains to the occurrence of a chemical reaction resulting in the creation of a new substance with distinct properties. Changes in chemical properties and composition are evident in this type of change. For instance, the combination of Mg(s) and O2(g) produces 2MgO(s), where the chemical composition and properties of the resulting MgO differ significantly from the reactants. Finally, a mixture is the product obtained by physically combining two or more substances, which remain distinct and separable. Each constituent substance retains its unique properties, and no new substance is formed. An example of a mixture is the combination of sulfur powder and iron, which can be easily separated. A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are physically combined and can be present in any ratio. Unlike compounds, mixtures do not undergo any chemical reactions and the individual properties of their components are retained. Mixtures can be classified as either homogeneous or heterogeneous. A homogeneous mixture has a consistent composition throughout, while a heterogeneous mixture has an uneven composition. A compound is a substance formed by chemically combining two or more elements in fixed proportions. It has a unique chemical composition and properties that are different from its constituent elements. Compounds can be formed through various chemical reactions, such as combination, decomposition, and displacement. Examples of compounds include water (H2O), table salt (NaCl), and carbon dioxide (CO2). Compounds play an important role in many areas of science and technology, including chemistry, biology, materials science, and medicine.

Material Required	1 . Bunsen burner 2 . Tripod stand 3 . Wire gauze 4 . Test tube stand 5 . Hard glass test tube 6 . Test tubes 7 . Test tube holder 8 . China dish 9 . Watch glass 10 . Magnet
Chemicals Required	1 . Sulphur powder 2 . Carbon disulphide 3 . Dilute HCL(Hydrochloric Acid) 4 . Iron filings

Procedure

1 . Preparation of iron filings and Sulphur powder mixture First, a pinch of iron filings and sulphur powder were taken and mixed thoroughly. The resulting product was a mixture of iron filings and sulphur powder. The mixture was then placed onto a watch glass. 2 . Preparation of iron filings and Sulphur powder compound A pinch of iron filings and sulphur powder were taken in a hard glass test tube. The mixture was heated over a flame. A reaction between the iron and sulphur was observed, leading to the formation of iron sulphide. The resulting compound was transferred onto a watch glass for further examination.

Observation and Inference
S. No.	Experiment	Observation	Inference
1	Observe the appearance of both the mixture and compound, paying attention to their homogeneity or heterogeneity.	Watch glass A contained a non-uniform mixture, while watch glass B contained a black, homogeneous substance.	A consists of dissimilar components, whereas B is composed of uniform particles.
2	Test the magnetic properties of both watch glasses A and B by rolling a bar magnet over them.	While the iron filings from watch glass A were attracted to the magnet, those from watch glass B did not exhibit the same behavior.	The components of A can be isolated through magnetic rolling, whereas a compound cannot be separated by physical means.
3	Take the substances from watch glasses A and B and added them separately to test tubes containing carbon disulphide to observe their behavior as a solvent.	When we added carbon disulphide to the substances in test tube A, the Sulphur dissolved and the iron filings settled to the bottom, while in test tube B, we observed no such behavior.	The constituents of A can be physically separated by dissolving them in carbon disulphide, whereas compounds cannot be separated by such means.
4	apply heat to both the mixture and compounds to observe their reactions	When we heated the mixture from watch glass A, the iron filings and Sulphur reacted to form a compound, whereas there was no change observed in watch glass B.	The components of the mixture in watch glass A react and combine to form a compound, whereas no observable change occurred in the contents of watch glass B.